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Climate Reporting

National climate and GHG reports, indicators and tools.

Climate Indicators

Kenya's Second NDC (2031–2035) is an economy-wide target: reduce emissions by 35% below business as usual by 2035. It is the main indicator Kenya uses to track climate progress, with 2022 as the base year.

Kenya's emissions and the 2035 NDC target (million tonnes CO₂-eq)
0601201802402022 (inventory): 113.4 Mt CO₂-eq. Actual emissions, base year113.4
2022 (inventory)
2030 (projection): 143 Mt CO₂-eq. Projected emissions143
2030 (projection)
2035 business as usual: 215 Mt CO₂-eq. Without the NDC215
2035 business as usual
2035 with domestic action: 199.95 Mt CO₂-eq. −15.05 Mt, funded by Kenya (unconditional)199.95
2035 with domestic action
2035 NDC target: 139.75 Mt CO₂-eq. −75.25 Mt (−35%), with international support139.75
2035 NDC target
−35%Below business as usual by 2035Up from 32% in the updated first NDC (2020)
15.05 MtKenya's own (unconditional) share20% of the 75.25 Mt reduction
60.2 MtWith international support80%: finance, technology, capacity, carbon markets
2.09 tCO₂-eq per person (2022)Global average 6.76 t; Kenya < 0.1% of global emissions
How the second NDC raises ambition
Emission reduction target by 2035
32% (2020)35% (2025)
Share of NDC cost funded by Kenya
13% (2020)19% (2025)
Cost of the NDC, 2031–2035: USD 56 billion
Mitigation: USD 22.5 bnAdaptation: USD 17.7 bnBoth (dual benefit): USD 15.8 bn
TotalKenyaInternational
MitigationUSD 22.5 bn4.28 bn (19%)18.34 bn (81%)
AdaptationUSD 17.7 bn3.36 bn (19%)14.34 bn (81%)
All NDC actionsUSD 56 bn10.5 bn (about 2.1 bn a year)45.36 bn

Kenya will count climate finance received as loans as part of its domestic contribution. Estimates may change with circumstances.

Forest and land actions in the NDC

  • Mitigation: increase tree cover through afforestation, reforestation and agroforestry.
  • Mitigation: reduce deforestation and forest degradation by rehabilitating and protecting natural forests (REDD+ approach), on land and in water-based ecosystems.
  • Adaptation P7: rehabilitate degraded public and private land through afforestation, reforestation, agroforestry, commercial and community forestry.
  • Adaptation P8: strengthen governance of community structures in participatory resource management.
  • Adaptation P9–P11: blue carbon assessment, marine spatial planning, nature-based enterprises (seaweed, bamboo, mangrove eco-tourism).
For the land sector the NDC covers forest land, cropland, grassland, wetland, settlements and other land, and all five carbon pools (above- and below-ground biomass, dead wood, litter, soil organic matter). The 2024 inventory covered three pools; a full National Forest Inventory is needed for dead wood and litter. Harvested wood products are listed in one part of the NDC but stated as not included in another; the portal treats them as planned.

Source: Kenya's Second Nationally Determined Contribution 2031–2035, Ministry of Environment, Climate Change and Forestry, 2025.